The ramblings of a computer geek
Some commands you can use to clean up running containers and your images. Remove any containers, its recommended to verify if they are stopped first with “docker ps -a”: Remove all the images: In my case I had a couple of images that needed to be force removed, you can’t remove images with the above … Read more
Was installing Node.js v25.9.0 as a standalone pre-built binary installation and ended up after a successful installation getting the following when attempting to run a “node -v”. To resolve this, I just needed to install the missing library. Then attempting to re-run the command, I get the version output as expected.
Throughout the whole of the series so far we have talked about IPv4. Although there are some differences when using IPv6, fundamentally you’re doing the same thing, you’re using BGP to advertise and route traffic, its just this time you’re talking about IPv6 routes instead. Now, a key thing to remember is that IPv4 and … Read more
So the first question is what is a BGP Looking Glass? It’s an essentially remote router that you access via a CLI terminal (e.g. Telnet), a web interface or sometimes an API which allows you to see: So why would you want to use a Looking Glass? Put simply, to answer questions such as the … Read more
The Routing Information Base (RIB) is one of the key workings of the BGP protocol on a router. The RIB is not just a routing table, it’s a dynamic repository of all the information that a router has learned from BGP Neighbours, along with a host of associated other attributes, such as the route’s AS … Read more
We’ve reviewed many of the key parts of BGP and the way it works, what we haven’t gone into much detail on is security of BGP. BGP as a protocol was developed in a much more trusting era, but over time additional layers of security have been added to BGP and it’s implementations on many … Read more
Can you restore a Microsoft Exchange 2016 or 2019 mailbox database to a Microsoft Exchange SE server? The short answer is yes you can, but you must use the Recovery Database approach. Why would you want to? Well, if like us you are moving at pace to Microsoft Exchange SE to ensure you are on … Read more
You would think that pinging something would be simple, but turns out there is a bit more to it when pinging using IPv6. If you need to ping something from one router to another using IPv4, you can specify the “from” address so the router knows out of which interface (VLAN) it needs to send … Read more
Equal Cost Multi-Pathing (ECMP) is a mechanism where rather than finding the single best path and installing that into the route table, you instead install two (or more) equal best paths into the routing table; traffic then uses all of these best paths in a load balanced way using the switch’s hashing algorithm. For Extreme Networks XOS this appears … Read more
In previous articles, we have mentioned the use of BFD – Bidirectional Forwarding Detection. RFC 5880. Essentially BGP failure detection is slow by design and for good reason when you are dealing with truly massive networks. BFD exists to make it fast, but also while being safe too. As was discussed in previous articles BGP … Read more